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Errors in Attribute-values

From now on, we show you example documents with incorrect color statements.
The following attributes will be checked:
bgcolor
text
link
vlink
alink
color

Invalid color-Value - missing '#'

HTTP-Header:

Content-Type: text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1

  1: <!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"
  2:      "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
  3: 
  4: <html>
  5:   <head>
  6:     <title>illegal color values</title>
  7:     <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html;
  8:           charset=iso-8859-1">
  9:   </head>
 10:   <body bgcolor="123456"></body>
 11: </html>

In that example the leading "#" is missing. It's a common Error.

Invalid color-Value - wrong HEX-Value

HTTP-Header:

Content-Type: text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1

  1: <!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"
  2:      "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
  3: 
  4: <html>
  5:   <head>
  6:     <title>illegal color values2</title>
  7:     <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html;
  8:           charset=iso-8859-1">
  9:   </head>
 10:   <body vlink="#abcdeG"></body>
 11: </html>

Hexadecimal numbers are only allowed to contain the numeric characters "0-9" and the alphabetic Characters "a-f" / "A-F".

Invalid color-Value - HEX-Value with only five characters

HTTP-Header:

Content-Type: text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1

  1: <!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"
  2:      "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
  3: 
  4: <html>
  5:   <head>
  6:     <title>illegal color values3</title>
  7:     <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html;
  8:           charset=iso-8859-1">
  9:   </head>
 10:   <body bgcolor="#12345"></body>
 11: </html>

Hexadecimal color values have to consist of exactly 6 characters (except leading "#").

Invalid color-Value - HEX-Value with seven characters

HTTP-Header:

Content-Type: text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1

  1: <!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"
  2:      "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
  3: 
  4: <html>
  5:   <head>
  6:     <title>illegal color values4</title>
  7:     <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html;
  8:           charset=iso-8859-1">
  9:   </head>
 10:   <body bgcolor="#1234567"></body>
 11: </html>

Hexadecimal color values have to consist of exactly 6 characters (except leading "#").
Here it has seven characters.

HTTP-Header:

Content-Type: text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1

  1: <!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"
  2:      "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
  3: 
  4: <html>
  5:   <head>
  6:     <title>illegal color name</title>
  7:     <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html;
  8:           charset=iso-8859-1">
  9:   </head>
 10:   <body>
 11:     <font color="BLAK"></font>
 12:   </body>
 13: </html>

In addition to hex color values, 16 color names are allowed:
Black corresponds to "#000000"
Green corresponds to "#008000"
Silver corresponds to "#C0C0C0"
Lime corresponds to "#00FF00"
Gray corresponds to "#808080"
Olive corresponds to "#808000"
White corresponds to "#FFFFFF"
Yellow corresponds to "#FFFF00"
Maroon corresponds to "#800000"
Navy corresponds to "#000080"
Red corresponds to "#FF0000"
Blue corresponds to "#0000FF"
Purple corresponds to "#800080"
Teal corresponds to "#008080"
Fuchsia corresponds to "#FF00FF"
Aqua corresponds to "#00FFFF"

From now on, you see some examples with Attributes whose values may be relative, percentual or pixels.
Following Attributes will be checked:
width
height
charoff
cellspacing
cellpadding

HTTP-Header:

Content-Type: text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1

  1: <!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"
  2:      "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
  3: 
  4: <html>
  5:   <head>
  6:     <title>illegal width value</title>
  7:     <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html;
  8:           charset=iso-8859-1">
  9:   </head>
 10:   <body>
 11:     <table width="100px">
 12:       <tr>
 13:         <td></td>
 14:       </tr>
 15:      </table>
 16:   </body>
 17: </html>

In the "width"-Attribute only integer or percentual values (e.g. 20%) may be used.

Relative value in width-Attribute

HTTP-Header:

Content-Type: text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1

  1: <!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"
  2:      "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
  3: 
  4: <html>
  5:   <head>
  6:     <title>illegal width value</title>
  7:     <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html;
  8:           charset=iso-8859-1">
  9:   </head>
 10:   <body>
 11:     <table width="1*">
 12:       <tr>
 13:         <td></td>
 14:       </tr>
 15:      </table>
 16:   </body>
 17: </html>

Relative values are not allowed in "width"-Attributes.

Negative value in height-Attribute

HTTP-Header:

Content-Type: text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1

  1: <!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"
  2:      "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
  3: 
  4: <html>
  5:   <head>
  6:     <title>illegal height value</title>
  7:     <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html;
  8:           charset=iso-8859-1">
  9:   </head>
 10:   <body>
 11:     <table>
 12:       <tr>
 13:         <td height="-100"></td>
 14:       </tr>
 15:      </table>
 16:   </body>
 17: </html>

Negative values are also not allowed.

Negative percent-Value in cellspacing-Attribute

HTTP-Header:

Content-Type: text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1

  1: <!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"
  2:      "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
  3: 
  4: <html>
  5:   <head>
  6:     <title>illegal cellspacing value</title>
  7:     <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html;
  8:           charset=iso-8859-1">
  9:   </head>
 10:   <body>
 11:     <table cellspacing="-10%">
 12:       <tr>
 13:         <td></td>
 14:       </tr>
 15:      </table>
 16:   </body>
 17: </html>

Naturally negative percentual values are not allowed too.

Width-Attribute in col and colgroup-Tag

HTTP-Header:

Content-Type: text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1

  1: <!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"
  2:      "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
  3: 
  4: <html>
  5:   <head>
  6:     <title>illegal width value</title>
  7:     <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html;
  8:           charset=iso-8859-1">
  9:   </head>
 10:   <body>
 11:     <table border="1">
 12:       <colgroup width="1*">
 13:         <col width="foo">
 14:         <col width="*">
 15:         <col width="2*">
 16:         <col width="100">
 17:         <col width="10%">
 18:       </colgroup>
 19:       <tr>
 20:         <td>1. Line, 1. Column</td>
 21:         <td>1. Line, 2. Column</td>
 22:         <td>1. Line, 3. Column</td>
 23:         <td>1. Line, 4. Column</td>
 24:         <td>1. Line, 5. Column</td>
 25:       </tr>
 26:     </table>
 27:   </body>
 28: </html>

In "col"- and "colgroup"-Tags "width"-Attributes may contain relative values.

From now on, we show you example documents, where only integers are allowed in the Attribute (hereafter named as integer-Attribute).
Following Attributes will be checked:
border
hspace
vspace
size
rows
cols
span
rowspan
colspan
marginwidth
marginheight

Invalid value in size-Attribute

HTTP-Header:

Content-Type: text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1

  1: <!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"
  2:      "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
  3: 
  4: <html>
  5:   <head>
  6:     <title>illegal size value</title>
  7:     <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html;
  8:           charset=iso-8859-1">
  9:   </head>
 10:   <body>
 11:     <hr size="100%">
 12:   </body>
 13: </html>

Percentual values are not allowed in integer-Attributes.

Algebraic signs in size-Attribute allowed in font- or basefont-Tag

HTTP-Header:

Content-Type: text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1

  1: <!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"
  2:      "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
  3: 
  4: <html>
  5:   <head>
  6:     <title>legal size value</title>
  7:     <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html;
  8:           charset=iso-8859-1">
  9:   </head>
 10:   <body>
 11:     <font size="-5"></font>
 12:   </body>
 13: </html>

In font and basefont-Tags an algebraic sign (+-) may be used in "size"-Attributes.

Invalid value in hspace and vspace-Attribute

HTTP-Header:

Content-Type: text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1

  1: <!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"
  2:      "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
  3: 
  4: <html>
  5:   <head>
  6:     <title>illegal hspace and vspace values</title>
  7:     <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html;
  8:           charset=iso-8859-1">
  9:   </head>
 10:   <body>
 11:     <img src="/foo.gif" alt="" hspace="-10" vspace="1*">
 12:   </body>
 13: </html>

Negative and relative values are not allowed in integer-Attributes.

Invalid values of rows and cols-Attribute

HTTP-Header:

Content-Type: text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1

  1: <!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"
  2:      "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
  3: 
  4: <html>
  5:   <head>
  6:     <title>illegal rows and cols value</title>
  7:     <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html;
  8:           charset=iso-8859-1">
  9:   </head>
 10:   <body>
 11:     <textarea rows="-2" cols="2*"></textarea>
 12:   </body>
 13: </html>

Also in "rows"- and "cols"-Atributes negative and relative values are not allowed.

Rows and cols-Attribute in Frameset-Tag

HTTP-Header:

Content-Type: text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1

  1: <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Frameset//EN" 
  2:      "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/frameset.dtd"> 
  3: 
  4: <html>
  5:   <head>
  6:     <title>legal rows and cols value in frameset-Tag</title>
  7:     <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html;
  8:           charset=iso-8859-1">
  9:   </head>
 10:   <frameset cols="50%,*,10,1*" rows="50%,*,10,1*">
 11:     <frame>
 12:   </frameset>
 13: </html>

In "frameset"-Tags "rows"- and "cols"-Attributes may (exceptionally) contain percentual and relative values as well as integer-values.
Separated by commas, those may occur more often than once.

Invalid values of rows- and cols-Attribute in Frameset-Tag

HTTP-Header:

Content-Type: text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1

  1: <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Frameset//EN" 
  2:          "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/frameset.dtd"> 
  3: 
  4: <html>
  5:   <head>
  6:     <title>illegal rows and cols value in frameset-Tag</title>
  7:     <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html;
  8:           charset=iso-8859-1">
  9:   </head>
 10:   <frameset cols=",50%,*,10,1*" rows="50%,*,10,1*,">
 11:     <frame>
 12:   </frameset>
 13: </html>

Attribute values may be separated by commas, but commas aren't allowed to be the first or the last character.

From now on, examples with "area"-Tag and the Attributes "shape" and "coords" will be shown.

The coords-Attribute missing

HTTP-Header:

Content-Type: text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1

  1: <!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"
  2:      "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
  3: 
  4: <html>
  5:   <head>
  6:     <title>coords missing</title>
  7:     <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html;
  8:           charset=iso-8859-1">
  9:   </head>
 10:   <body>
 11:     <map name="foo">
 12:       <area shape="rect" href="http://foo.com" alt="">
 13:       <area shape="default" href="http://foo.com" alt="">
 14:     </map>
 15:   </body>
 16: </html>

If "shape"-Attribute contains the values "rect" or "default", the Attribute "coords" may be absent.

If shape='rect' or 'default', coords-Attribute must contain exactly 4 values

HTTP-Header:

Content-Type: text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1

  1: <!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"
  2:      "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
  3: 
  4: <html>
  5:   <head>
  6:     <title>illegal coords value</title>
  7:     <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html;
  8:           charset=iso-8859-1">
  9:   </head>
 10:   <body>
 11:     <map name="foo">
 12:       <area shape="rect" coords="1,2,3,4" href="http://foo.com" alt="">
 13:       <area shape="default" coords="1,2,3" href="http://foo.com" alt="">
 14:       <area shape="rect" coords="1,2,3,4,5" href="http://foo.com" alt="">
 15:     </map>
 16:   </body>
 17: </html>

A rectangle has four edges. So the "coords"-Attribute has to contain 4 values.

Invalid commas in coords-Attribute

HTTP-Header:

Content-Type: text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1

  1: <!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"
  2:      "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
  3: 
  4: <html>
  5:   <head>
  6:     <title>illegal coords value</title>
  7:     <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html;
  8:           charset=iso-8859-1">
  9:   </head>
 10:   <body>
 11:     <map name="foo">
 12:       <area shape="default" coords="1,2,3,4," href="http://foo.com" alt="">
 13:       <area shape="rect" coords=",1,2,3,4" href="http://foo.com" alt="">
 14:     </map>
 15:   </body>
 16: </html>

Attribute values may be separated by commas, but commas aren't allowed to be the first or the last character.

If shape='circle', coords-Attribute must contain exactly 3 values

HTTP-Header:

Content-Type: text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1

  1: <!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"
  2:      "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
  3: 
  4: <html>
  5:   <head>
  6:     <title>illegal coords value</title>
  7:     <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html;
  8:           charset=iso-8859-1">
  9:   </head>
 10:   <body>
 11:     <map name="foo">
 12:       <area shape="circle" coords="1,2,3" href="http://foo.com" alt="">
 13:       <area shape="circle" coords="1,2" href="http://foo.com" alt="">
 14:       <area shape="circle" coords="1,2,3,4" href="http://foo.com" alt="">
 15:     </map>
 16:   </body>
 17: </html>

If the Attribute "shape" contains "circle" as value, the "coords"-Attribute has to contain exactly 3 values.

Invalid commas in coords-Attribute at shape='circle'

HTTP-Header:

Content-Type: text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1

  1: <!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"
  2:      "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
  3: 
  4: <html>
  5:   <head>
  6:     <title>illegal coords value</title>
  7:     <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html;
  8:           charset=iso-8859-1">
  9:   </head>
 10:   <body>
 11:     <map name="foo">
 12:       <area shape="circle" coords=",1,2,3" href="http://foo.com" alt="">
 13:       <area shape="circle" coords="1,2,3," href="http://foo.com" alt="">
 14:     </map>
 15:   </body>
 16: </html>

Attribute values may be separated by commas, but commas aren't allowed to be the first or the last character. (Even if shape=circle)

If shape='poly', coords-Attribute must contain at least 2 values

HTTP-Header:

Content-Type: text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1

  1: <!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"
  2:      "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
  3: 
  4: <html>
  5:   <head>
  6:     <title>illegal coords value</title>
  7:     <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html;
  8:           charset=iso-8859-1">
  9:   </head>
 10:   <body>
 11:     <map name="foo">
 12:       <area shape="poly" coords="1,2,3,4,5,6" href="http://foo.com" alt="">
 13:       <area shape="poly" coords="1" href="http://foo.com" alt="">
 14:       <area shape="poly" coords="1,2,3" href="http://foo.com" alt="">
 15:     </map>
 16:   </body>
 17: </html>

If the Attribute "shape" contains the value "poly", the Attribute "poly" has to contain at least 2 values. Furthermor the number of the values has to be even (2,4,6,8...).

Invalid commas in coords-Attribute at shape='poly'

HTTP-Header:

Content-Type: text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1

  1: <!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"
  2:      "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
  3: 
  4: <html>
  5:   <head>
  6:     <title>illegal coords value</title>
  7:     <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html;
  8:           charset=iso-8859-1">
  9:   </head>
 10:   <body>
 11:     <map name="foo">
 12:       <area shape="poly" coords=",1,2,3,4" href="http://foo.com" alt="">
 13:       <area shape="poly" coords="1,2,3,4," href="http://foo.com" alt="">
 14:     </map>
 15:   </body>
 16: </html>

If "shape"-Attribute contains "poly", the "coords"-Attribute may not start or end with commas.

Invalid values in coords-Attribute

HTTP-Header:

Content-Type: text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1

  1: <!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"
  2:      "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
  3: 
  4: <html>
  5:   <head>
  6:     <title>illegal coords value</title>
  7:     <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html;
  8:           charset=iso-8859-1">
  9:   </head>
 10:   <body>
 11:     <map name="foo">
 12:       <area coords="1,2,3,-4" href="http://foo.com" alt="">
 13:       <area shape="rect" coords="*1,2,3,4" href="http://foo.com" alt="">
 14:       <area shape="circle" coords="1,2%,3" href="http://foo.com" alt="">
 15:       <area shape="poly" coords="1,2,3,f,5,6" href="http://foo.com" alt="">
 16:     </map>
 17:   </body>
 18: </html>

Only integer values are allowed in "coords"-Attribute.
Alphabetic signs, relative and percentual values are not allowed.

Invalid value in Attribute 'shape'

HTTP-Header:

Content-Type: text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1

  1: <!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN"
  2:      "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
  3: 
  4: <html>
  5:   <head>
  6:     <title>illegal coords value</title>
  7:     <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html;
  8:           charset=iso-8859-1">
  9:   </head>
 10:   <body>
 11:     <map name="foo">
 12:       <area shape="foo" coords="1,2,3" href="http://foo.com" alt="">
 13:       <area shape="default" coords="1,2,3,4" href="http://foo.com" alt="">
 14:       <area shape="rect" coords="1,2,3,4" href="http://foo.com" alt="">
 15:       <area shape="circle" coords="1,2,3" href="http://foo.com" alt="">
 16:       <area shape="poly" coords="1,2,3,4,5,6" href="http://foo.com" alt="">
 17:     </map>
 18:   </body>
 19: </html>

In "shape"-Attribute only the values "default", "rect", "circle" and "poly" are allowed.

Invalid country code in lang-Attribute

HTTP-Header:

Content-Type: text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1

  1: <!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" 
  2:   "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd">
  3: 
  4: <html>
  5:   <head>
  6:   <title>invalid country code</title>
  7:     <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html;
  8:           charset=iso-8859-1">
  9:   </head>
 10:   <body>
 11:     <p lang="en">
 12:     <p lang="us-en">
 13:     <p lang="en-us">
 14:     <p lang="xx">
 15:     <p lang="en-xx">
 16:     <p lang="xx-en">
 17:   </body>
 18: </html>

Specification 2 allows only certain country codes in "lang"-Attribute.

Missing xmlns-Attribute in XHTML document

HTTP-Header:

Content-Type: application/xhtml+xml; charset=UTF-8

  1: <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> 
  2: <!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Strict//EN" 
  3:     "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-strict.dtd"> 
  4: <html> 
  5:   <head> 
  6:     <title>missing xmlns-Attribut</title> 
  7:   </head> 
  8:   <body> 
  9:     <p>...</p> 
 10:   </body> 
 11: </html>

The xmlns-Attribute is obligatory within a XHTML document.

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